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Quantum coherence in an optical modulator.

S G Carter1, V Birkedal, C S Wang

  • 1Physics Department and Institute for Quantum and Complex Dynamics (iQCD), Broida Hall Building 572, Room 3410, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 29, 2005
PubMed
Summary
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Researchers modulated near-infrared (NIR) absorption in semiconductor quantum wells using high-frequency terahertz (THz) fields. This THz field generated quantum coherence, enabling new modulator applications in optical communications.

Area of Science:

  • Optoelectronics
  • Quantum Optics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Semiconductor quantum wells are crucial for modulating near-infrared (NIR) radiation below 0.1 terahertz (THz).
  • Existing modulators have limitations in higher frequency applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the modulation of NIR absorption in undoped quantum wells using strong electric fields at higher THz frequencies (1.5–3.9 THz).
  • To investigate the underlying quantum mechanical principles governing this interaction.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized strong electric fields at THz frequencies (1.5–3.9 THz) to modulate NIR absorption in undoped semiconductor quantum wells.
  • Employed nonperturbative theory and experimental measurements to analyze the interaction.

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Main Results:

  • Observed a novel THz frequency- and power-dependent NIR absorption line.
  • Demonstrated that the THz field couples two excited states (excitons) in the quantum wells.
  • Confirmed the generation of a coherent quantum superposition of absorbing and nonabsorbing excitons.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully demonstrated THz-field-induced modulation of NIR absorption in quantum wells at frequencies up to 3.9 THz.
  • The observed quantum coherence opens possibilities for advanced quantum well modulators.
  • Potential applications in high-speed optical communications are suggested.