Retinitis pigmentosa: visual function and multidisciplinary management

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Optometry
• Genetics

Background:

• Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a significant cause of blindness and visual impairment, particularly affecting younger individuals.
• Early detection and management by optometrists are crucial for mitigating visual disability in RP patients.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current literature on visual function in RP, focusing on night blindness, reduced visual acuity, and visual field constriction.
• To evaluate available low vision aids and identify successful strategies for managing RP-related visual impairment.
• To outline the spectrum of services for RP patients and highlight the importance of interprofessional collaboration for optometrists.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of existing literature on Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP).
• Analysis of studies focusing on visual function parameters such as visual acuity and visual field.
• Compilation of information on low vision aids and patient support services.

Main Results:

• Visual function in RP is characterized by night blindness, decreased visual acuity, and visual field contraction.
• Various low vision aids can improve visual function, with specific aids demonstrating higher success rates.
• A network of professionals is essential for comprehensive care, including orientation and mobility training, adaptive technology, and sensory substitution.

Conclusions:

• Optometrists are pivotal in diagnosing RP and reducing associated visual disability.
• Effective management requires optometrists to be aware of diverse patient needs and facilitate connections with relevant specialists.
• Integrated care models involving multiple professionals are vital for optimizing visual outcomes in individuals with RP.