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Alcohol intake is associated with altered pulmonary function.

Joseph H Sisson1, Julie A Stoner, Debra J Romberger

  • 1Pulmonary & Critical Medicine Section, Internal Medicine Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5300, USA. jsisson@unmc.edu

Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.)
|November 1, 2005
PubMed
Summary
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Moderate alcohol intake is linked to better lung function, specifically reduced lung restriction. This study found no association with obstructive lung function in U.S. adults.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Epidemiology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • The impact of moderate alcohol consumption on lung function remains largely uncharacterized in the general population.
  • Given alcohol's known cardiovascular benefits, its pulmonary effects warrant investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between alcohol intake and pulmonary function in a representative sample of U.S. adults.
  • To test the hypothesis that moderate alcohol intake is linked to improved lung function.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from 15,294 U.S. adults from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988-1994).
  • Spirometry was used to measure pulmonary function (forced vital capacity, forced exhaled volume in 1s).
  • Logistic regression models adjusted for smoking, age, sex, race, body mass index, diabetes, and congestive heart failure (CHF) status.

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Main Results:

  • Low-to-moderate alcohol intake was associated with reduced odds of lung restriction (P ≤ .001).
  • No association was found between low-to-moderate alcohol intake and obstructive lung function.
  • Increased odds of obstructive lung patterns were observed only in former heavy drinkers.

Conclusions:

  • Alcohol consumption, even at modest levels, is associated with less lung restriction.
  • This association may be linked to reduced risks of CHF, diabetes, obesity, and inflammation.
  • Moderate alcohol intake appears beneficial for preventing lung restriction, not obstruction.