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Severe asthma exacerbations during pregnancy.

Vanessa E Murphy1, Peter Gibson, Philippa I Talbot

  • 1Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital and Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New South Wales 2310, Australia. vanessa.murphy@newcastle.edu.au

Obstetrics and Gynecology
|November 2, 2005
PubMed
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Severe asthma exacerbations are frequent in pregnant women, particularly those with moderate to severe asthma. These events are linked to adverse outcomes for male fetuses, including low birth weight.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Pulmonology
  • Perinatal Medicine

Background:

  • Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease affecting women of reproductive age.
  • Pregnancy can alter asthma control, potentially increasing the risk of exacerbations.
  • Severe asthma exacerbations during pregnancy may pose risks to both maternal and fetal health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency of severe asthma exacerbations in pregnant women.
  • To investigate the association between severe asthma exacerbations and adverse perinatal outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study included 146 pregnant women with asthma.
  • Severe exacerbations were defined by hospital admission, emergency department visits, unscheduled doctor visits, or oral corticosteroid use.

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  • Women were categorized into mild, moderate, and severe asthma groups.

    • Main Results:

    • Severe exacerbation rates were 8% (mild asthma), 47% (moderate asthma), and 65% (severe asthma).
    • Severe exacerbations were associated with a significantly increased rate of male low birth weight (P = .03).
    • Lower maternal pregnancy weight gain was observed in women with severe exacerbations (P = .039).

    Conclusions:

    • Pregnant women with asthma experience a high rate of severe exacerbations.
    • Severe exacerbations are linked to poor perinatal outcomes, particularly for male fetuses.
    • Improved asthma management during pregnancy is crucial for better maternal and fetal outcomes.