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Informed consent and adolescents.

Debbie Schachter1, Irwin Kleinman, William Harvey

  • 1Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario. Debbie_Schachter@camh.net

Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie
|November 3, 2005
PubMed
Summary
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Adolescents aged 14 can understand medical information for consent, but their ability to appreciate and voluntarily decide requires individual assessment. Clinicians should involve teens in decision-making as their capacity develops.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Ethics
  • Adolescent Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Development

Background:

  • Informed consent is crucial in healthcare, particularly for adolescents.
  • Psychiatric conditions can impact an adolescent's capacity to consent to treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the doctrine of informed consent in adolescents with psychiatric issues.
  • To explore the development of decision-making capacity in this population.
  • To aid clinicians in navigating ethical considerations.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on informed consent and adolescent capacity.
  • Exploration of psychiatric impairment's effect on consent ability.

Main Results:

  • No minimum age for consent; capacity is individual-based.

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  • Adolescents around 14 generally possess cognitive ability to understand information.
  • Limited empirical data exists on adolescents' ability to appreciate information and consent voluntarily.

    • Conclusions:

    • Clinicians must involve adolescents in the consent process.
    • Assess capacity on a case-by-case basis, acknowledging developmental changes.
    • Capacity to consent evolves with cognitive and value maturation.