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Suicidality and sleep disturbances.

Rebecca A Bernert1, Thomas E Joiner, Kelly C Cukrowicz

  • 1Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1270, USA.

Sleep
|November 5, 2005
PubMed
Summary
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Sleep disturbances like insomnia and nightmares are linked to suicidal behaviors. Nightmares, particularly in women, show a significant association with suicidality, even after accounting for depression.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Mental Health Research

Background:

  • Sleep disturbances are increasingly recognized as potential correlates of suicidal behaviors.
  • The extent to which depressive symptoms mediate this relationship requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the associations between suicidality, depression, and specific sleep complaints in an outpatient clinical population.
  • To determine if sleep disturbances predict suicidality independently of depressive symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • 176 outpatients completed validated questionnaires assessing sleep disturbances (insomnia, nightmares, sleep-related breathing), suicidal ideation, and depression.
  • Regression analyses were employed to evaluate the relationships between variables.

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Main Results:

  • Insomnia and nightmares were significantly associated with both depressive symptoms and suicidality.
  • Sleep-related breathing symptoms correlated with depression but not suicidality.
  • After controlling for depressive symptoms, nightmares showed a trend towards association with suicidality, particularly in women.

Conclusions:

  • While insomnia and nightmares are linked to suicidal symptoms, nightmares emerge as a more specific correlate of suicidality when controlling for depression.
  • The association between nightmares and suicidality appears stronger in women than in men.