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Updated: Aug 15, 2026

Structural Biology and Analytical Chemistry Approaches for Characterizing C-Glycoside Metabolic Enzymes in Human Gut Microbiota
Published on: May 23, 2025
[The biotransformation of kaempferitrin by human intestinal flora]
Xiu-wei Yang1, Jian-ye Zhang, Wei Xu
1The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China. xwyang@bjmu.edu.cn
Aim:
To study the biotransformation of kaempferitrin, a major chemical principle of the fruits of Siraitia grosvenori (Swingle) C. Jeffery, with human intestinal flora.
Methods:
The kaempferitrin was incubated with human intestinal flora. The biotransformation products were isolated and purified by chromatographic methods and the structures were determined by spectroscopic techniques.
Results:
Kaempferitrin was converted into kaempferol 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside (afzelin, I) , kaempferol 7-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside (II), kaempferol (III) and p-hydroxybenzoic acid (IV) by human intestinal flora. rhamnoside (II), kaempferol (III) and p-hydroxybenzoic acid (IV) by human intestinal flora.
Conclusion:
The structure of kaempferitrin can be biotransformatedly converted by human intestinal flora.
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