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Related Experiment Videos

Reading disability and hemispheric interaction on a lexical decision task.

Barbara J Rutherford1

  • 1Psychology Department, University of British Columbia, Okanagan, 3333 University Way, Kelowna, BC, Canada V1V 1V7. barbara.rutherford@ubc.ca

Brain and Cognition
|November 8, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Reading experience refines brain hemisphere roles. This study shows reading skill enhances left hemisphere dominance and suppresses the right, particularly for complex word processing in individuals with reading disabilities.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Reading is a complex cognitive process involving interhemispheric communication.
  • The role of each brain hemisphere in reading may change with acquired experience and reading ability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how reading experience influences hemispheric contributions to reading.
  • To examine if experience enhances the suppression of non-dominant hemisphere strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Lexical decision tasks were administered to males with varying reading abilities (disabled/phonologically impaired, disabled/phonologically normal, no disability).
  • Stimuli included familiar words, pseudowords, and non-words.
  • Hemispheric processing and suppression were analyzed through accuracy and response times.

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Main Results:

  • All groups demonstrated a left hemisphere advantage for word processing, with right hemisphere suppression.
  • Pseudoword processing showed higher accuracy when both hemispheres were engaged, especially in reading-disabled individuals.
  • Phonologically impaired groups exhibited slowed responses when the right hemisphere was disengaged during pseudoword processing.

Conclusions:

  • Results support the hypothesis that reading experience alters hemispheric contributions.
  • Experience appears to increase the suppression of non-dominant hemisphere strategies during reading.
  • Findings highlight the differential impact of reading impairments on hemispheric processing strategies.