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Related Experiment Videos

Does prenatal care decrease the incidence and cost of neonatal intensive care admissions?

A L Wilson1, D P Munson, D B Schubot

  • 1University of South Dakota School of Medicine, Sioux Falls 57105.

American Journal of Perinatology
|July 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Expanded Medicaid coverage for low-income women improves prenatal care access. This reduces neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions and associated costs, offering significant healthcare savings.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Economics
  • Maternal and Child Health

Background:

  • Access to prenatal care is crucial for maternal and infant health outcomes.
  • Low-income women often face financial barriers to obtaining adequate prenatal care.
  • Previous studies suggest a link between prenatal care utilization and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the impact of expanded Medicaid coverage on prenatal care access for low-income women.
  • To determine the relationship between prenatal care adequacy and NICU admissions and costs.
  • To project the cost-effectiveness of Medicaid-funded prenatal care.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of statewide birth data from 1983-1985.
  • Inclusion of infants with prolonged NICU stays, out-of-state transfers, or NICU-related mortality in the NICU sample.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparison of NICU admission rates and hospital costs between infants receiving adequate versus inadequate prenatal care.

    • Main Results:

    • 11% of the total birth cohort and 18% of the NICU sample received inadequate prenatal care (p < 0.001).
    • Infants with inadequate prenatal care had a higher NICU admission rate (5.10% vs. 2.86%, p < 0.001).
    • Hospital costs were significantly higher for NICU infants with inadequate prenatal care (p < 0.05).

    Conclusions:

    • Expanded Medicaid coverage can improve prenatal care access for low-income women.
    • Adequate prenatal care is associated with reduced NICU admissions and lower healthcare expenditures.
    • Investing in Medicaid-covered prenatal care offers a potential two-to-one return in NICU cost savings.