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Investigation into a school enterovirus outbreak using PCR detection and serotype identification based on the 5'

J Yeats1, H Smuts, C J Serfontein

  • 1Diagnostic Virology Laboratory, University of Cape Town & National Health Laboratory Service, South Africa. jky@telkomsa.net

Epidemiology and Infection
|November 9, 2005
PubMed
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An enterovirus outbreak at a summer camp was linked to contaminated water. Molecular detection using the 5' non-coding region (NCR) identified echovirus 3, proving its effectiveness for outbreak investigations.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Summer camp outbreaks can pose significant public health challenges.
  • Enterovirus infections can cause various illnesses in children.
  • Rapid identification of causative agents is crucial for outbreak control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate an illness outbreak among children at a summer camp.
  • To identify the etiological agent responsible for the outbreak.
  • To evaluate the utility of molecular methods for enterovirus detection and identification during an outbreak.

Main Methods:

  • Individual questionnaires and facility inspections were conducted.
  • Laboratory analysis included water and clinical sample testing.
  • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing of the 5' non-coding region (NCR) were used for enterovirus detection and identification.

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Main Results:

  • Contaminated drinking and swimming water sources were identified.
  • An enterovirus, specifically echovirus 3, was detected in clinical samples from symptomatic and asymptomatic children.
  • Sequencing of the 5' NCR confirmed the outbreak strain and distinguished it from other cases.

Conclusions:

  • Direct molecular detection and identification of enteroviruses, particularly using the 5' NCR, is an efficient epidemiological tool.
  • Echovirus 3 was identified as the causative agent of the summer camp outbreak.
  • The study highlights the importance of water quality monitoring and rapid molecular diagnostics in preventing and controlling infectious disease outbreaks.