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[Bed sharing and sudden infant death]
Arne Stray-Pedersen1, Marianne Arnestad, Ashild Vege
1Rettsmedisinsk institutt, Rikshospitalet, 0027 Oslo. arne.stray-pedersen@labmed.uio.no
Insights
Bed sharing increases the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) in infants under two months old. This risk is significantly higher when bed sharing with a smoking parent.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Context:
- Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) remains a significant concern in infant mortality.
- The
Purpose:
- To investigate bed sharing as a risk factor for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).
- To compare SIDS cases before and after the back-to-sleep campaign.
- To analyze risk factors including bed sharing, parental smoking, and breastfeeding.
Summary:
- A case-control study analyzed SIDS cases and 244 live controls, focusing on infants aged 0-2 months.
- Bed sharing emerged as a significant risk factor for SIDS in infants under two months (OR 5.3).
- Bed sharing with a smoking mother showed a substantially increased risk (OR 16).
Impact:
- Findings highlight the critical importance of safe sleep environments for young infants.
- The study underscores the heightened danger of bed sharing with smoking parents.
- Results inform public health campaigns and parental guidance on SIDS prevention.
Background:
The aim of the study was to investigate bed sharing as a risk factor for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).
Material And Methods:
Firstly, SIDS cases examined at our institute in two six-year periods before and after the back-to-sleep campaign (1984-89 and 1998-2003) were investigated. Secondly, a case-control study was performed, an investigation of variables such as bed sharing, parental smoking and breast-feeding in the SIDS group from the latter period versus 244 live control infants.
Results:
The age distribution of the SIDS victims in the two periods with high and low SIDS rates differed significantly (p = 0.004). In the latter period, fewer SIDS cases were seen in the classical distributional peak between the third and the fourth month of life, and a larger proportion of SIDS cases were seen within the first month of life. Furthermore, a smaller proportion of SIDS victims were found dead in the prone position (decrease from 89% to 49%, p < 0.001); and bed sharing at time of death occurred more frequently (increase from 7% to 35%, p < 0.001). In the case-control study, bed sharing was a significant risk factor for SIDS in infants aged 0-2 months (multivariate OR 5.3; 95 % CI 1.3-22, p = 0.02). Bed sharing with a smoking mother was associated with a 16-fold increased risk of SIDS (OR 16; 95% CI 2.1 - 118, p = 0.007). No relationship between bed sharing and SIDS was evident for age >2 months. Only 12% of the bed sharing SIDS victims aged <2 months where found in the prone position.
Interpretation:
Bed sharing is associated with an increased risk of SIDS for infants <2 months of age. Particularly hazardous is bed sharing with a smoking parent.
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