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Related Experiment Videos

Achieving high-current carbon nanotube emitters.

Eric Minoux1, Oliver Groening, Kenneth B K Teo

  • 1Thales Research & Technology, Route départementale 128, 91 767 Palaiseau Cedex, France. eric.minoux@thalesgroup.com

Nano Letters
|November 10, 2005
PubMed
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High current operation of carbon nanotube emitters is limited by voltage drops. A corrected Fowler-Nordheim equation and rapid thermal annealing enable currents up to 100 microA per emitter without deviation.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Carbon nanotube (CNT) field emitters are promising electron sources.
  • High current operation often shows deviations from classical Fowler-Nordheim theory.
  • Voltage drops at CNT length or contact create a canceling electric field, limiting emission current.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cause of saturation-like deviations in CNT field emission at high currents.
  • To develop a corrected Fowler-Nordheim equation accounting for voltage drops.
  • To enhance CNT field emission performance through improved fabrication.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental field emission measurements on individual CNT emitters.
  • Contact electrical measurements to quantify voltage drops.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Application of rapid thermal annealing (RTA) to improve CNT crystallinity and substrate contact.

    • Main Results:

    • A voltage drop along the CNT or at its contact causes a deviation from Fowler-Nordheim behavior at high currents (>1 microA).
    • A corrected Fowler-Nordheim equation was derived and experimentally validated.
    • RTA significantly reduced the voltage drop, enabling high emission currents (up to 100 microA per emitter) with no significant deviation.

    Conclusions:

    • Voltage drops are a critical factor limiting high-current field emission from CNTs.
    • The developed correction to the Fowler-Nordheim equation accurately describes this phenomenon.
    • Rapid thermal annealing is an effective method to improve CNT field emission performance by mitigating voltage drops.