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A CCR5-tropic simian-HIV molecular clone capable of inducing AIDS in rhesus macaques

Mayla Hsu1, Siu-Hong Ho, Peter Balfe

  • 1Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10016, USA.

Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999)
|November 11, 2005
PubMed

Insights

A new simian-HIV (SHIV) molecular clone, SHIV P3gp160, fully mimics its parent strain. This CCR5-tropic SHIV clone is mucosally transmissible and causes simian AIDS, aiding AIDS vaccine research.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Pathogenesis

Background:

  • Previous work reported the pathogenic CCR5 (R5)-tropic simian-HIV (SHIV) strain SHIVSF162P3.
  • The development of molecular clones is crucial for studying viral replication and pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create and characterize an infectious molecular clone of SHIVSF162P3 that expresses the entire env gp160.
  • To assess the in vivo replicative capacity, transmissibility, and pathogenicity of this molecular clone.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of a simian-HIV (SHIV) molecular clone, designated SHIV P3gp160, expressing the full env gp160 from SHIVSF162P3.
  • In vivo studies in macaques to evaluate mucosal transmission, viral replication, CD4 T cell depletion, and disease induction.

Main Results:

  • SHIV P3gp160 fully recapitulated the in vivo replicative characteristics of the parental SHIVSF162P3 isolate.
  • The molecular clone demonstrated efficient mucosal transmission.
  • SHIV P3gp160 preferentially depleted memory CD4 T cells and induced simian AIDS in a subset of infected macaques.

Conclusions:

  • SHIV P3gp160 serves as a valuable infectious CCR5-tropic SHIV molecular clone.
  • This reagent is critical for advancing research in lentiviral pathogenesis and the development of AIDS vaccines.
  • The findings highlight the utility of molecular clones for in vivo pathogenesis studies.

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