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Why do people injure themselves?

Barbara Haas1, Franz Popp

  • 1Institut für Psychologie, Universität Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria. barbara.haas@liwest.at

Psychopathology
|November 12, 2005
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed and evaluated a questionnaire to assess the immediate functions of self-injurious behavior (SIB). The reliable 107-item tool identifies factors like emotional coping and self-punishment in individuals with SIB.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Psychiatry
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Self-injurious behavior (SIB) involves deliberate skin damage, excluding suicidal attempts or aesthetic self-harm.
  • Understanding the immediate functions of SIB is crucial for effective intervention and treatment.
  • Existing literature and SIB sufferer statements informed the initial question development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a new questionnaire designed to assess the immediate functions of self-injurious behavior (SIB).
  • To identify and validate key factors contributing to SIB through psychometric analysis.
  • To create a concise yet comprehensive and reliable assessment tool for SIB functions.

Main Methods:

  • A 154-item questionnaire was administered to 120 individuals (aged 13-54) with SIB, recruited online and through clinical settings in Austria and Germany.
  • Factor analysis (varimax rotation) was employed to identify underlying dimensions of SIB functions.
  • Item analysis and reliability testing (Cronbach's alpha) were conducted to refine the questionnaire.

Main Results:

  • Twelve distinct factors emerged from the factor analysis, including 'self-punishment,' 'coping with emotions,' 'extreme rage,' 'vitality,' 'dissociation,' 'control over body,' and 'addiction.'
  • The final questionnaire, comprising 107 items, demonstrated high reliability with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.9118.
  • The refinement process focused on maximizing expressiveness and reliability while minimizing item count.

Conclusions:

  • The developed questionnaire is a reliable and expressive tool for assessing the immediate functions of self-injurious behavior (SIB).
  • The identified factors provide a framework for understanding the multifaceted nature of SIB.
  • Further evaluation of the questionnaire is ongoing to confirm its clinical utility.