[Genetic alterations and chemoresistance].

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Pharmacogenomics
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Molecular targeting agents are increasingly vital in cancer treatment.
• Drug resistance is a significant challenge in achieving successful cancer therapy.
• Personalized medicine approaches are needed to overcome treatment limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the relationship between genetic factors and anticancer drug response.
• To explore how polymorphisms and gene expression influence chemoresistance and chemosensitivity.
• To highlight the potential of predictive diagnostics for personalized cancer therapy.

Main Methods:

• Review of scientific literature on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and gene expression profiling.
• Analysis of mutations in targeted molecules conferring resistance.
• Correlation of genetic data with patient responses to molecularly targeted agents.

Main Results:

• Genetic variations (polymorphisms) and tumor gene expression profiles are linked to drug sensitivity and resistance.
• Mutations in targeted molecules can lead to resistance to molecularly targeted therapies.
• Predictive analysis of genetic data can identify patient-specific sensitivities and toxicities.

Conclusions:

• Patient-specific genetic analysis, including SNPs and gene expression, can predict responses to anticancer agents.
• Personalized dosing and agent selection can minimize acute toxicity and prevent the emergence of drug-resistant tumors.
• Integrating pharmacogenomic data holds promise for optimizing molecularly targeted cancer therapy.