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[SNPs associated with adverse effects].

Minoru Isomura1, Yoshio Miki

  • 1Genome Center of the Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research.

Gan to Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer & Chemotherapy
|November 12, 2005
PubMed
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Pharmacogenomics links genetic variations to anticancer drug efficacy and side effects. Understanding these gene-drug interactions advances personalized medicine, predicting adverse events for safer, tailored cancer treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacogenomics
  • Oncology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Inter-individual variability in drug response is well-documented for anticancer agents.
  • Genetic factors significantly contribute to these differences in efficacy and adverse effects.
  • Pharmacogenomics investigates how gene variations influence drug metabolism and toxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review established relationships between gene polymorphisms and adverse effects of anticancer drugs.
  • To highlight the potential of pharmacogenomics in predicting drug toxicity.
  • To suggest future research directions for realizing personalized cancer medicine.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies examining gene polymorphisms and anticancer drug-induced adverse events.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Focus on specific drug-gene associations (e.g., 5-FU/DPYD, irinotecan/UGT1A1).
  • Analysis of the clinical implications of identified genetic factors.

    • Main Results:

    • Specific gene polymorphisms (DPYD, MTHFR, UGT1A1, TPMT) are linked to adverse effects of drugs like 5-FU, methotrexate, irinotecan, and 6-MP.
    • Predictive information on irinotecan-related polymorphisms is now included in drug labeling.
    • Pharmacogenomic data enables prediction of adverse drug reactions prior to treatment initiation.

    Conclusions:

    • Pharmacogenomic insights are crucial for predicting and mitigating anticancer drug toxicity.
    • The integration of genetic information into clinical practice is advancing "order-made medicine".
    • Further pharmacogenomic research is essential for the widespread implementation of personalized cancer therapy.