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Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Published on: December 6, 2016
Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea: the year in review
1Pediatric Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Arkansas Children's Hospital, 800 Marshall Street, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA. RayRMark@uams.edu
Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery
|November 12, 2005
Summary
Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea causes daytime symptoms affecting neurobehavioral function. Early diagnosis and treatment, often involving adenotonsillectomy, significantly improve children's quality of life.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Sleep Medicine
- Respiratory Medicine
- Neurobehavioral Pediatrics
Background:
- Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is increasingly linked to daytime neurobehavioral and cognitive deficits.
- Variability in diagnostic criteria and care protocols has historically hindered systematic analysis of pediatric OSA.
- Accurate identification of children who will benefit from OSA treatment is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the effects of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea on neurobehavioral and cognitive functioning.
- To examine treatment outcomes for children diagnosed with OSA.
- To highlight recent findings and challenges in diagnosing sleep-disordered breathing in children.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent (past year) data on pediatric obstructive sleep apnea.
- Analysis of diagnostic modalities, including polysomnography and clinical examination.
- Evaluation of treatment outcomes, particularly adenotonsillectomy.
Main Results:
- A significant correlation exists between pediatric OSA and daytime symptoms, which are mitigated by treatment.
- Clinical history and physical examination are highly effective diagnostic tools for pediatric OSA.
- Polysomnography may underestimate the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in some children; primary snoring can warrant treatment.
Conclusions:
- Accurate and universal diagnostic and treatment systems for pediatric OSA are vital due to its profound effects.
- Adenotonsillar hypertrophy is the primary cause of OSA in children.
- Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy effectively improve sequelae and quality of life for affected children.
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