Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 14, 2026
Use of an Eight-arm Radial Water Maze to Assess Working and Reference Memory Following Neonatal Brain Injury
Published on: December 4, 2013
Anoxic brain injury following near-drowning in children. Rehabilitation outcome: three case reports
M M Pierro1, L Bollea, G Di Rosa
1Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation, Neurorehabilitation Ward, IRCCS Children's Hospital Bambino Gesù, Palidoro (Rome), Passoscuro, Italy.
Primary Objective:
To describe the outcome of near-drowning and rehabilitation contexts for recovery.
Methods And Procedures:
Standardized measures were used to emphasize the functional impact of deficits over the first year post-injury in three children <2 years. Multimodal contexts for meaningful interplay were early adapted to the three cases.
Main Outcomes And Results:
The clinical pathways of recovery are identified. Initially all three cases manifested a generalized dystonia. Case 1 exhibited a good outcome with transient dyskinetic-dystonic syndrome; subsequently Bálint's syndrome emerged. In this case, the rehabilitation approach was organized on the pickup of direct perception of task-specific affordances. Cases 2 and 3 had poor outcomes presenting the worsening of torsion dystonia (status dystonicus) that hindered rehabilitation intervention.
Conclusions:
The dynamic reaggregation of spatial organization through meaningful interaction in specific ecological contexts is the principal goal of rehabilitation intervention. Status dystonicus represents the worst feature for recovery.
