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The relationship between condom use and herpes simplex virus acquisition.

Anna Wald1, Andria G M Langenberg, Elizabeth Krantz

  • 1University of Washington, Virology Research Clinic, Seattle, Washington 98122, USA. annawald@u.washington.edu

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Consistent condom use significantly lowers the risk of acquiring herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection. This finding supports routine recommendations for condom use to prevent HSV-2 transmission.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Limited research exists on the link between condom usage and the acquisition of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) and HSV type 1 (HSV-1).
  • Understanding this relationship is crucial for developing effective prevention strategies against these common viral infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between condom use and the incidence of HSV-2 and HSV-1 infections.
  • To provide evidence-based recommendations for preventing herpes simplex virus transmission.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from a clinical trial for an HSV-2 vaccine.
  • Participants included men and women at high risk for HSV-2 acquisition, identified by multiple sexual partners or a recent sexually transmitted disease diagnosis.
  • HSV-2 and HSV-1 acquisition was determined through viral culture or changes in HSV serostatus.

Main Results:

  • A total of 1843 participants were analyzed, with 118 (6.4%) acquiring HSV-2.
  • Increased condom use correlated with a reduced risk of HSV-2 acquisition (HR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.59-0.95).
  • No significant association was found between condom use and HSV-1 acquisition (HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.48-1.31).

Conclusions:

  • Consistent condom use is linked to lower rates of HSV-2 infection.
  • Condom use should be routinely recommended for the prevention of HSV-2.
  • Limitations include self-reported condom use, potentially introducing bias.