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Isolation and Analysis of Plasma Lipoproteins by Ultracentrifugation
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Hypercholesterolemia and LDL apheresis

F Morelli1, P Carlier, G Giannini

  • 1Hypertriglyceridemia Department, Immunohematology Services, San Martino University Hospital, Genova--Italy. federico.morelli@hsanmartino.it

The International Journal of Artificial Organs
|November 17, 2005
PubMed

Insights

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis effectively treats familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and prevents coronary artery disease (CAD) progression. While efficient, high costs limit its use primarily to FH patients, with further trials needed for other indications.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) is linked to coronary heart disease (CHD).
  • LDL apheresis is a treatment option for managing high LDL levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the efficacy and application of LDL apheresis techniques.
  • To discuss the limitations and potential future indications for LDL apheresis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing clinical trials on LDL apheresis.
  • Description of five current LDL apheresis techniques: immunoadsorption (IMA), dextran sulphate-cellulose adsorption (DSA), heparin extracorporeal LDL precipitation system (HELP), double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP), and direct adsorption of lipoprotein using hemoperfusion (DALI).

Main Results:

  • LDL apheresis is effective in treating familial hypercholesterolemia (FH).
  • LDL apheresis aids in preventing the progression of coronary artery disease (CAD).
  • All reviewed methods demonstrate efficiency in LDL removal.

Conclusions:

  • Current LDL apheresis techniques are effective but costly.
  • High costs restrict LDL apheresis primarily to FH treatment.
  • Further controlled trials are necessary to explore indications beyond FH.

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