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Demineralized bone matrix and spinal arthrodesis.
Kenneth J H Lee1, Jonathan G Roper, Jeffrey C Wang
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California at Los Angeles, School of Medicine, 1250 16th Street, 7th Floor, Tower #745, Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA.
The Spine Journal : Official Journal of the North American Spine Society
|November 18, 2005
Summary
Demineralized bone matrix (DBM) shows potential as a bone graft alternative for spinal fusion, offering osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties. However, fusion rates vary, necessitating further research into DBM preparation and application.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Biomaterials Science
- Spinal Surgery
Background:
- Autogenous bone graft is the standard for spinal fusion but has associated morbidity.
- Limitations of autogenous bone grafting drive the need for alternative bone graft materials.
- Demineralized bone matrix (DBM) has emerged as a potential alternative.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe and characterize demineralized bone matrix (DBM) properties.
- To review DBM efficacy in animal and human spinal fusion studies.
- To critically evaluate DBM as a bone graft substitute.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive review of English-language literature on DBM in spinal fusion.
- Analysis of studies reporting spinal fusion rates using DBM.
- Characterization of DBM's osteoconductive and osteoinductive potential.
Main Results:
- DBM exhibits both osteoconductive and osteoinductive capabilities.
- Spinal fusion rates in studies utilizing DBM have shown variability (inferior, equal, or enhanced).
- Differences in study methodologies, DBM preparation, and carrier materials may explain variable outcomes.
Conclusions:
- DBM functions effectively as a graft extender in human spinal fusion procedures.
- Variability in fusion rates highlights the importance of DBM preparation and application context.
- Further research is warranted to optimize DBM use in spinal fusion.