[Results of surgical treatment for renal artery dysplasia]

To retrospectively assess functional results of surgical treatment for renal artery dysplasia.

From January 1992 to December 2001, 11 symptomatic patients including 9 women (mean age 47 years, range 23-67), underwent surgery for renal artery dysplasia. Three patients presented with normalized hypertension, three others presented with isolated systolic hypertension, and the five remaining presented with grade II or III hypertension. Angiograms showed evidence of dysplasia of 16 renal arteries. Six arteries showed stenosis (37.5%), four aneurysms (25%), four both (25%), and two arteries showed wall irregularities (12.5%). Endovascular revascularizations were performed in five patients (45%) during the treatment of six renal arteries (37.5%). All endovascular procedures were angioplasties without any stent placement. Six patients (55%) underwent conventional procedures (in situ or ex-situ surgery) for the treatment of seven renal arteries (44%).

In the short term, the treatment had a significant decrease on the systolic arterial pressure (p=0.019) and in the number of drugs used (p=0.009), but was not significant in the diastolic arterial pressure (p=0.084). The benefits persisted after two years of follow-up (PAS, p=0.023, PAD, p=0.047, drugs p=0.03). Benefits persisted in all of the six patients who had had hypertension for less than five years. There was 60% functional failure in the treatment of the five patients with a more than five years history of hypertension.

This study confirms the short and long term's beneficial results of the surgical treatment of symptomatic renal artery dysplasia. Rapid care of those patients should optimize the functional results.