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Despite US federal non-participation in the Kyoto Protocol, sub-national policies addressing greenhouse-gas emissions are significant. These efforts involve 24-35% of the US population and impact 27-49% of GDP.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Climate Policy
  • US Environmental Studies

Background:

  • The United States' absence from the Kyoto Protocol is a global concern due to its significant contribution (24%) to worldwide greenhouse-gas emissions.
  • Anthropogenic climate change necessitates international cooperation and national policy commitments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the commitment of US states and municipalities to climate change mitigation policies.
  • To quantify the population and economic impact of sub-national climate change initiatives.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of state and municipal policies related to greenhouse-gas emission reduction.
  • Estimation of the percentage of the US population and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) involved in these policies.

Main Results:

  • Between 24% and 35% of the US population is engaged in or will soon be engaged in policies aimed at significantly reducing climate change.
  • These sub-national efforts represent a substantial portion of the US economy, estimated at 27-49% of GDP.

Conclusions:

  • Sub-national actions in the US demonstrate a significant commitment to addressing climate change, despite federal policy.
  • The ultimate success of these climate policies hinges on achieving real reductions in greenhouse-gas emissions, similar to national targets.