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Graduated driver licensing in Wisconsin: does it create safer drivers?

Susan Anderson Fohr1, Peter M Layde, Clare E Guse

  • 1Injury Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, USA.

WMJ : Official Publication of the State Medical Society of Wisconsin
|November 22, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Wisconsin's graduated driver licensing law reduced crash rates for teen drivers by decreasing their exposure to risky driving situations. Safer driving habits were not significantly improved by the law.

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Area of Science:

  • Traffic Safety Research
  • Adolescent Health
  • Public Policy Evaluation

Background:

  • Teen drivers aged 16 and 17 are at a higher risk for motor vehicle crashes.
  • Graduated driver licensing (GDL) laws aim to reduce this risk.
  • The specific impact of Wisconsin's GDL law on crash rates and driving behavior requires evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effectiveness of Wisconsin's graduated driver licensing law.
  • To determine if observed reductions in crash rates are attributable to reduced exposure, improved driving safety, or both.

Main Methods:

  • Calculated general population crash rates for 16- and 17-year-olds before and after GDL implementation.
  • Utilized the induced exposure method to quantify driving exposure.

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  • Computed the odds ratio of at-fault crash involvement.

    • Main Results:

    • Crash rates for 16-year-olds decreased by 13.8% (all crashes) and 15.6% (injury crashes).
    • Crash rates for 17-year-olds decreased by 6.2% (all crashes) and 5.8% (injury crashes).
    • No significant change in the odds of at-fault crash involvement was found; reduced exposure, not safer driving, explained the decline.

    Conclusions:

    • Wisconsin's graduated driver licensing law has successfully lowered crash rates for teen drivers.
    • The primary mechanism for this reduction is decreased exposure to driving risks.
    • The law did not significantly alter teen driving habits in terms of safety.