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Related Experiment Videos

Phonation threshold pressure: a missing link in glottal aerodynamics.

I R Titze1

  • 1Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|May 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Phonation threshold pressure is the minimum lung pressure for voice. Singers achieve higher peak glottal flow than non-singers, suggesting optimized vocal tract impedance for efficient voice production.

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Area of Science:

  • Acoustics
  • Physiology
  • Speech Science

Background:

  • Phonation threshold pressure (PTP) is the minimum lung pressure needed to start vocal fold vibration.
  • Previous models often assume proportional relationships between lung pressure and glottal flow, which may be inaccurate for dynamic conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model the relationship between phonation threshold pressure and fundamental frequency.
  • To investigate the aerodynamic principles governing glottal flow and vocal power.
  • To compare phonation characteristics between singers and non-singers.

Main Methods:

  • Aerodynamic modeling of time-varying glottal flow.
  • Analysis of lung pressure and peak glottal flow relationships.
  • Comparison of inverse-filtered glottal flow waveforms (peak flow, derivative, open quotient, speed quotient) between singers and non-singers.

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Main Results:

  • Lung pressure and peak glottal flow are nearly linearly related but not proportional, challenging traditional power law assumptions.
  • Glottal impedance for time-varying flow requires a differential definition.
  • Peak flow, its derivative, open quotient, and speed quotient are explicitly dependent on phonation threshold pressure.
  • Singers exhibit 2-3 times greater peak flow for a given lung pressure compared to non-singers.

Conclusions:

  • Traditional power law relationships between vocal power and lung pressure may not be universally applicable.
  • Singers appear to optimize their glottal or vocal tract impedance for enhanced airflow and efficient voice production.
  • Phonation threshold pressure is a critical parameter influencing various aspects of glottal function and vocal performance.