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Related Experiment Videos

Vocal intensity in speakers and singers.

I R Titze1, J Sundberg

  • 1Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|May 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Vocal intensity, or sound pressure level (SPL), increases with fundamental frequency (Fo) and lung pressure. Professional tenors achieve higher vocal intensity than non-singers due to greater peak airflow.

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Area of Science:

  • Acoustics
  • Speech Science
  • Bioacoustics

Background:

  • Vocal intensity is a key parameter in voice production.
  • Understanding the relationship between physiological parameters and vocal output is crucial for voice research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate vocal intensity as a function of fundamental frequency (Fo) and lung pressure.
  • To develop models for predicting sound pressure levels (SPL) from glottal waveforms.

Main Methods:

  • Used a combination of analytical and empirical models to predict SPL.
  • Obtained glottal waveforms via inverse filtering mouth flow from professional tenors and control subjects.
  • Modeled glottal flow waveform features in relation to lung pressure and phonation threshold pressure.

Main Results:

  • Sound pressure levels (SPL) increase with fundamental frequency (Fo) at 8-9 dB/octave when lung pressure is proportional to phonation threshold pressure.
  • SPL increases by 8-9 dB per doubling of excess pressure over threshold.
  • Professional tenors produced 10-12 dB greater intensity than male non-singers at the same excess pressure, due to higher peak airflow.

Conclusions:

  • Devised a simple set of rules for predicting SPL from source waveforms.
  • Excess pressure over threshold is an important factor in vocal intensity calculations.
  • Physiological differences, like peak airflow, significantly impact vocal intensity between singers and non-singers.

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