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Can dawsonite permanently trap CO2?

Helge Hellevang1, Per Aagaard, Eric H Oelkers

  • 1Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Allégt. 55, 5009 Bergen, Norway.

Environmental Science & Technology
|November 22, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Dawsonite, a mineral formed during carbon dioxide injection, dissolves rapidly as CO2 pressure drops. This suggests dawsonite is not a permanent storage solution for CO2 in dynamic geological settings.

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Area of Science:

  • Geochemistry
  • Mineralogy
  • Carbon Sequestration

Background:

  • Dawsonite (NaAlCO3(OH)2) formation is favored under high CO2 pressures typical of carbon dioxide injection into sandstone reservoirs.
  • Understanding dawsonite's stability and dissolution is crucial for evaluating its long-term effectiveness in carbon sequestration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure dawsonite dissolution rates as a function of pH.
  • To assess the persistence of dawsonite in sandstone reservoirs after CO2 injection.

Main Methods:

  • Thermodynamic calculations to predict mineral stability.
  • Laboratory experiments measuring dawsonite dissolution rates at 80°C across a pH range of 3-10.
  • Reactive transport calculations incorporating measured dissolution rates.

Main Results:

  • Dawsonite dissolution rates were found to be nearly independent of pH between 3.5 and 8.6, averaging 1.58 x 10^-9 mol/(m2 x s).
  • Reactive transport models show rapid dawsonite dissolution upon CO2 pressure decrease, primarily forming kaolinite.
  • Dawsonite instability was confirmed as CO2 pressure declines post-injection.

Conclusions:

  • Dawsonite is an ephemeral phase in dynamic geological settings and not a permanent mineral storage host for CO2.
  • Permanent dawsonite storage requires sustained high CO2 pressures, which are unlikely in dispersed or leaking systems.
  • Dissolution of dawsonite leads to secondary mineral precipitation, impacting reservoir geochemistry.

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