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Updated: Aug 14, 2026

Agrobacterium tumefaciens-Mediated Genetic Engineering of Green Microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris
Published on: October 27, 2023
Endosymbiotic alga from green hydra under the influence of cinoxacin
G Kovacević1, M Kalafatić, N Ljubesić
1Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Croatia. goran@zg.biol.pmf.hr
Abstract:
Cinoxacin (Cxn) showed a strong effect on the endosymbiotic alga Chlorella; it was significantly damaged. Changes in algal color, position, structure and ultrastructure were found. In some algal cells ultrastructures were completely destroyed. The antichloroplastal and antimitochondrial effect was especially expressed. Damage to the thylakoid system of chloroplasts was more pronounced with increasing Cxn concentration. Some of the mitochondria were swollen and some of them were completely destroyed. From the evolutionary point of view, the correlation between antibacterial, and antichloroplastal and antimitochondrial effect of Cxn points to the evolutionary connection of chloroplasts and mitochondria with eubacteria.
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