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Related Experiment Videos

Stem cell mobilization by hyperbaric oxygen.

Stephen R Thom1, Veena M Bhopale, Omaida C Velazquez

  • 1Institute for Environmental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6068, USA. sthom@mail.med.upenn.edu

American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology
|November 22, 2005
PubMed
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Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) effectively mobilizes stem and progenitor cells from bone marrow. This process is dependent on nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, enhancing cell circulation and potential therapeutic applications.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Research
  • Cell Biology
  • Oxygen Therapy

Background:

  • Stem and progenitor cells play crucial roles in tissue repair and regeneration.
  • Mobilizing these cells can enhance therapeutic outcomes in various medical conditions.
  • The mechanisms underlying stem cell mobilization are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether hyperbaric oxygen (HBO(2)) can mobilize stem/progenitor cells.
  • To determine if this mobilization is mediated by a nitric oxide (NO)-dependent pathway.

Main Methods:

  • Human subjects received single and multiple exposures to hyperbaric oxygen (2.0 ATA O(2) for 2 h).
  • Peripheral blood samples were analyzed for CD34(+) cell counts and colony-forming cells (CFCs).
  • Mice models, including knockout mice lacking endothelial NO synthase, were used to assess NO's role in stem cell mobilization.

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Main Results:

  • A single HBO(2) exposure doubled circulating CD34(+) cells in humans; 20 treatments increased them eightfold.
  • Colony-forming cells (CFCs) increased significantly, primarily due to the CD34(+) subpopulation.
  • HBO(2) increased circulating stem cell factor, CD34(+) cells, and CFCs in mice, associated with elevated bone marrow NO levels.

Conclusions:

  • Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO(2)) is effective in mobilizing stem and progenitor cells.
  • The mobilization mechanism is dependent on nitric oxide (NO) synthesis.
  • These findings suggest HBO(2) as a potential therapeutic strategy for conditions requiring stem cell enhancement.