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Related Concept Videos

Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells01:18

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A stem cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...
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Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

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Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Radiosensitivity of Cancer Stem Cells in Lung Cancer Cell Lines
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Cancer stem cells: lessons from leukaemia.

D Bonnet1

  • 1Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, Cancer Research UK, London Research Institute, London, UK. dominique.bonnet@cancer.org.uk

Cell Proliferation
|November 23, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Leukaemias are driven by leukaemic stem cells, which arise from normal cells through mutations. Understanding their development offers insights into identifying cancer stem cells in solid tumors.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Stem Cell Research

Background:

  • Leukaemias are increasingly understood to be maintained by leukaemic stem cells (LSCs).
  • LSCs are rare cells with the capacity for indefinite proliferation, driven by accumulated mutations and epigenetic alterations.
  • The precise developmental origins and transformation pathways of LSCs remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on the development of leukaemic stem cells.
  • To explore the molecular pathways involved in normal cell transformation into LSCs.
  • To establish a paradigm for identifying cancer stem cells in solid tumors based on LSC research.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on leukaemic stem cell development.

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  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms underlying leukaemic transformation.
  • Comparative analysis of LSC biology and cancer stem cell identification.

    • Main Results:

    • Leukaemias originate from aberrant hematopoietic processes initiated by LSCs.
    • LSCs possess self-renewal and differentiation capabilities, contributing to disease persistence.
    • Insights from LSC development can inform the search for cancer stem cells in other malignancies.

    Conclusions:

    • Leukaemic stem cells are critical drivers of leukaemia, originating from normal hematopoietic stem cells.
    • Further research into LSC development is crucial for understanding leukaemia pathogenesis.
    • The study of LSCs provides a valuable framework for the broader field of cancer stem cell research.