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Updated: Aug 14, 2026
In Vitro Model of Coronary Angiogenesis
Published on: March 10, 2020
Effects of total coronary artery occlusion on vascular endothieial growth factor and transforming growth factor beta
Tsung-Hsien Lin1, Hsueh-Wei Yen, Ho-Ming Su
1Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Chun-Ho Memorial Hospital, Taiwan.
Insights
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in the coronary sinus were higher in coronary artery disease patients with total occlusions. This suggests VEGF plays a role in angiogenesis development in these patients.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Biology
- Angiogenesis Research
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1) are key regulators of angiogenesis.
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) involves complex vascular remodeling processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if VEGF and TGF-beta1 concentrations differ in the coronary sinus (CS) and right atrium (RA) between CAD patients with total versus partial coronary occlusions.
- To explore the potential role of these growth factors in angiogenesis within the context of CAD severity.
Main Methods:
- Blood samples were collected from the CS and RA of 47 CAD patients undergoing coronary angiography.
- Concentrations of VEGF and TGF-beta1 were measured and compared between patients with total occlusions and those with non-total occlusions.
- Coronary angiographic findings were interpreted independently of the growth factor data.
Main Results:
- VEGF concentrations were significantly higher in the CS compared to the RA in all evaluated CAD patients (p=0.005).
- Patients with total coronary occlusions exhibited significantly higher VEGF concentrations in the CS than those with non-total occlusions (p=0.037).
- No statistically significant differences in TGF-beta1 concentrations were observed between the groups.
Conclusions:
- Elevated VEGF levels in the coronary sinus of patients with total coronary occlusions suggest a role for VEGF in angiogenesis associated with severe CAD.
- VEGF may serve as a potential biomarker for angiogenesis in advanced coronary artery disease.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms of VEGF in CAD progression.
Abstract:
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta1) play an important role in angiogenesis. We wanted to determine if concentrations of growth factors in the coronary sinus (CS) and right atrium (RA) are higher in coronary artery disease patients with total occlusions than in those with partial occlusions. Fifty-one patients scheduled for coronary artery angiography were evaluated for possible recruitment. A 6F Goodale-Lubin catheter was used to collect blood from the CS and RA. Data for all but four patients were gathered successfully, leaving 47 study patients. The reviewer was blinded to growth factor data when interpreting coronary angiographic findings. Of the 47 enrolled patients, 32 had at least one diseased vessel, seven of whom had at least one major total epicardial coronary occlusion. In all 32 patients, the concentrations of VEGF in the CS were higher than those in the RA (31.5 +/- 2.7 vs 27.1 +/- 1.8 pg/mL; p = 0.005). Patients with total occlusions had higher VEGF concentrations in the CS than those with non-total occlusions (38.9 +/- 8.0 vs 29.5 +/- 2.6 pg/mL; p = 0.037). The differences in TGF-beta1 in the two groups were not statistically significant. The higher CS VEGF concentrations in patients with total occlusion indicate that VEGF may play a part in the development of angiogenesis.
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