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Is nitric oxide luteolytic or antiluteolytic?

Y S Weems¹, E Lennon, T Uchima

¹Department of Human Nutrition, Food, and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.

Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators

|November 24, 2005

Summary

Nitric oxide (NO) does not cause luteolysis in ewes; instead, NO donors increased progesterone secretion and corpus luteum weight, suggesting an antiluteolytic role in the ovine estrous cycle.

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Area of Science:

Reproductive Endocrinology
Physiology
Nitric Oxide Signaling

Background:

Previous studies in cows suggested nitric oxide (NO) is luteolytic.
Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors delayed progesterone decline in cattle.
The role of NO in ovine luteolysis remained unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effect of a long-acting NO donor and a NOS inhibitor on progesterone secretion.
To determine the impact of NO modulation on corpus luteum function during the ovine estrous cycle.

Main Methods:

Ovine estrous cycles were manipulated with a NO donor (DETA-NONOate) or a NOS inhibitor (l-NAME).
Treatments were administered via chronic infusion into the ovarian vascular pedicle.
Progesterone levels were monitored in jugular venous blood, and corpora lutea were collected and weighed.

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Main Results:

Corpora lutea were significantly heavier in ewes treated with the NO donor (DETA-NONOate).
Progesterone profiles were significantly altered in DETA-NONOate-treated ewes compared to controls.
Neither the NO donor nor the NOS inhibitor affected corpus luteum weight or progesterone profiles in a luteolytic manner.

Conclusions:

Nitric oxide is not luteolytic in the ovine estrous cycle.
NO may possess an antiluteolytic function, potentially preventing luteolysis.
These findings contrast with previous reports in cattle, highlighting species-specific roles of NO in reproduction.