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Related Experiment Videos

Ivermectin and onchocerciasis: is it all solved?

A D Hopkins1

  • 1CBM Regional Office, Nairobi, Kenya. ahopkins@cbmi-nbo.org

Eye (London, England)
|November 24, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Merck

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Area of Science:

  • Tropical Medicine
  • Public Health
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Onchocerciasis, a major public health concern in Africa, has seen significant progress through public-private partnerships.
  • The African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control (APOC) has been crucial in scaling up ivermectin distribution.
  • Ivermectin, while effective against microfilariae, does not eliminate adult Onchocerca worms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the success of ivermectin distribution in onchocerciasis control.
  • To identify the limitations of current treatment strategies.
  • To emphasize the need for a macrofilaricide for onchocerciasis elimination.

Main Methods:

  • Review of ivermectin distribution data and program achievements.
  • Analysis of onchocerciasis treatment requirements and challenges.
  • Assessment of the impact of APOC's closure on long-term control.

Main Results:

  • Remarkable scaling of ivermectin distribution, treating nearly 40 million people by 2003.
  • Onchocerciasis control relies on continued distribution for at least 25 years.
  • Estimated 90 million individuals require annual treatment for onchocerciasis elimination.

Conclusions:

  • Ivermectin's microfilaricidal properties necessitate long-term, sustained distribution efforts.
  • The closure of APOC poses a significant challenge to the long-term sustainability of onchocerciasis control programs.
  • Development of a safe, mass-distributable macrofilaricide is essential to solve the onchocerciasis problem.

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