Idiopathic hypercalciuria causing osteoporosis and hypocalcemia.

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Endocrinology
• Nephrology
• Metabolic Bone Disease

Background:

• Idiopathic hypercalciuria is a common cause of kidney stones (nephrolithiasis).
• It is not typically associated with hypocalcemia or significant bone disease.

Observation:

• An adolescent presented with severe hypocalcemia and osteoporosis.
• This condition was initially diagnosed as idiopathic hypercalciuria.

Findings:

• The patient developed recurrent kidney stones after calcium and vitamin D supplementation.
• Thiazide treatment effectively controlled hypercalciuria and normalized serum biochemistry.
• This suggests a severe renal calcium leak variant of idiopathic hypercalciuria in a growing individual.

Implications:

• Idiopathic hypercalciuria can manifest as severe hypocalcemia and osteoporosis in adolescents.
• This case highlights a distinct presentation of idiopathic hypercalciuria in pediatric patients.
• Early diagnosis and appropriate management, such as thiazide therapy, are crucial.