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Audiological abnormalities in patients with vitiligo.

K Aydogan1, O F Turan, S Onart

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Uludag University, Medical Faculty, Bursa, Turkey. aydogank@uludag.edu.tr

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology
|November 29, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Vitiligo patients show subclinical auditory system abnormalities, including sensorineural hypoacusis and altered brainstem auditory evoked responses (BAERs), suggesting melanin’s role in hearing.

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Area of Science:

  • Oto-neurology
  • Dermatology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Vitiligo is increasingly recognized as a systemic disease impacting the entire pigmentary system.
  • This systemic nature suggests potential involvement of melanin-containing cells beyond the skin.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate subclinical auditory system abnormalities in patients with vitiligo.
  • To explore the role of melanin-containing cellular elements in the auditory pathway.

Main Methods:

  • Conventional audiometric investigations and brainstem auditory evoked responses (BAERs) were performed on 57 vitiligo patients and 50 healthy controls.
  • Comparison of auditory parameters including I, III, and V peak latencies and interpeak latencies (IPLs) between groups.

Main Results:

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  • Eight vitiligo patients (14%) exhibited mild sensorineural hypoacusis, while no controls did (P=0.006).
  • Statistically significant increases in wave III latency and I-III IPL were observed in both ears of vitiligo patients compared to controls (P<0.05).
  • A significant increase in wave V latency was noted in the right ear of vitiligo patients (P=0.04).

Conclusions:

  • Melanin appears to play a crucial role in the structural and functional integrity of the auditory system.
  • Melanin may influence the transduction of auditory stimuli within the inner ear, potentially explaining auditory abnormalities in vitiligo.