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Velopharyngeal function after two different types of pharyngoplasty.

Antonio Ysunza¹, Ma Carmen Pamplona

¹Cleft Palate Clinic, Hospital Gea Gonzalez, 4800 Calzada de Tlalpan, Mexico City 14000, Mexico. amyunza@terra.com.mx

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

|November 29, 2005

Summary

Pharyngeal flaps and sphincter pharyngoplasties aid velopharyngeal closure passively. Muscle activity originates from the superior constrictor, not the flaps themselves, during speech.

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Area of Science:

Plastic Surgery
Speech Pathology
Otolaryngology

Background:

Residual velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) is a common complication after cleft palate repair.
Pharyngoplasty aims to improve velopharyngeal function by altering pharyngeal anatomy.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare velopharyngeal function after pharyngeal flap (PF) and sphincter pharyngoplasty (SP).

Main Methods:

Prospective study of 58 cleft palate patients with residual VPI.
Evaluation of pharyngeal muscle function using electromyography (EMG) and videonasopharyngoscopy (VNP).
Analysis of muscle activity in pharyngeal flaps and sphincter pharyngoplasty components.

Main Results:

No intrinsic muscle activity was detected in the central pharyngeal flap or lateral sphincter pharyngoplasty flaps.

Related Experiment Videos

Strong muscle activity was observed in the superior constrictor muscle in all patients.

Complete velopharyngeal closure was achieved in all participants post-surgery.

Conclusions:

Pharyngeal flaps and sphincter pharyngoplasty contribute passively to velopharyngeal closure.
The observed movements in these flaps during speech are secondary to the superior constrictor muscle's action.
These surgical techniques enhance tissue volume, aiding closure through extrinsic muscle control.