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Multifocal electroretinographic changes in patients receiving hydroxychloroquine therapy.
Timothy Y Y Lai1, Wai-Man Chan, Haitao Li
1Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China. tyylai@netvigator.com
American Journal of Ophthalmology
|November 29, 2005
Summary
Patients on hydroxychloroquine showed declining retinal function over time, as measured by multifocal electroretinography (mfERG). Stopping hydroxychloroquine improved retinal function, suggesting mfERG may detect early toxicity.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Retinal Imaging
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is widely used for autoimmune diseases.
- Ocular toxicity is a known risk associated with HCQ therapy.
- Early detection of retinal changes is crucial for preventing vision loss.
Purpose of the Study:
- To longitudinally evaluate multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) changes in patients taking hydroxychloroquine (HCQ).
- To assess the impact of cumulative HCQ dose on mfERG parameters.
- To investigate the reversibility of mfERG abnormalities after HCQ cessation.
Main Methods:
- Prospective cohort study involving 12 patients (24 eyes) undergoing mfERG at baseline and 1-2 years.
- Comparison of mfERG amplitudes (N1, P1) and latencies with normal controls.
- Analysis of serial mfERG changes in patients who continued or stopped HCQ therapy.
- Correlation analysis between cumulative HCQ dose and mfERG findings.
Main Results:
- Patients on HCQ exhibited reduced N1 and P1 amplitudes at baseline and follow-up.
- Increased P1 peak latencies were observed at follow-up in HCQ-treated patients.
- Discontinuation of HCQ led to significant increases in N1 and P1 amplitudes.
Conclusions:
- Hydroxychloroquine therapy is associated with a longitudinal decline in retinal function.
- mfERG may serve as a tool for detecting early retinal changes related to HCQ.
- Improvement in mfERG responses was observed after stopping HCQ, suggesting potential reversibility.