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Updated: Aug 14, 2026

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Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
Published on: January 17, 2018
Gamma knife radiosurgery for pituitary adenomas
Atsuya Akabane1, Shozo Yamada, Hidefumi Jokura
1Department of Neurosurgery, Kanto Medical Center NTT EC, Tokyo, Japan.
Endocrine
|November 29, 2005
Summary
Gamma Knife Radiosurgery (GKS) offers a practical treatment option for pituitary adenomas, complementing surgery and medical management. This study reviews GKS indications, procedures, and outcomes for pituitary adenoma control.
Area of Science:
- Neurosurgery
- Endocrinology
- Radiation Oncology
Background:
- Transsphenoidal microsurgery is a primary treatment for pituitary adenomas.
- Adjuvant therapies are crucial for tumor control and endocrine normalization.
- Traditional options include microsurgery, medical management, and fractionated radiotherapy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the indications, procedure, results, histological changes, and complications of Gamma Knife Radiosurgery (GKS) for pituitary adenomas.
- To evaluate GKS as a treatment option based on clinical experience and literature review.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical experience with Gamma Knife Radiosurgery (GKS) for pituitary adenomas since 1991.
- Comprehensive literature review on GKS for pituitary adenomas.
Main Results:
- Gamma Knife Radiosurgery (GKS) has emerged as a practical treatment option for pituitary adenomas.
- Detailed review of GKS indications, procedures, outcomes, histological changes, and complications is presented.
Conclusions:
- Gamma Knife Radiosurgery (GKS) is an effective adjuvant therapy for pituitary adenomas.
- GKS provides a valuable alternative or addition to traditional treatment modalities for pituitary adenomas.

