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Cell death in developing human spinal cord.

Katarina Vilović1, Ema Ilijić, Violeta Glamoclija

  • 1Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Split, PAK, KB Split, Spincićeva 1, 21000 Split, Croatia. kv@mefst.hr

Anatomy and Embryology
|November 30, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Cell death in the developing human spinal cord involves different pathways. Pro-apoptotic markers are active in the cranial region, while caudal regions show caspase-3 independent cell death, possibly for spinal cord regression.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Investigating programmed cell death is crucial for understanding human spinal cord development.
  • Apoptosis plays a key role in morphogenesis and cell number regulation during embryogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the expression of pro-apoptotic (Fas-receptor, caspase-3) and anti-apoptotic (bcl-2) markers in the developing human spinal cord.
  • To differentiate the mechanisms of cell death in the cranial versus caudal regions of the developing spinal cord.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry and TUNEL assay were used to detect apoptotic markers and DNA fragmentation.
  • Analysis was performed on human conceptuses aged 5-12 weeks.

Main Results:

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  • bcl-2 expression varied spatially and temporally, appearing in specific zones like the ventricular zone, roof plate, basal plates, and spinal ganglia.
  • TUNEL-positive cells were found throughout the spinal cord, but caspase-3 and Fas-receptor positive cells were restricted to the cranial segments.
  • Caspase-3 dependent apoptosis, potentially Fas-receptor mediated, was observed only in the cranial spinal cord.

Conclusions:

  • The cranial human spinal cord utilizes caspase-3 dependent pathways for apoptosis, likely involving Fas-receptor signaling, for morphogenesis and neuronal survival.
  • The caudal human spinal cord appears to undergo cell death via caspase-3 independent pathways, contributing to the regression of this region.