Systemic lupus erythematosus

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a syndrome commonly affecting young women. The clinical manifestations are extremely varied and any major organ of the body may be involved. Misdiagnosis is not uncommon in early SLE where symptoms and signs may be few. Auto-antibodies to DNA, RNA and other cell nucleus antigens are frequently present. Circulating immune complexes may deposit in major organs, causing inflammation and tissue damage by a number of mechanisms. The lupus disease is marked by exacerbations and remissions. Management is dependent on accurate assessment of clinical activity and severity. Patient education and co-operation in management affect outcome of the disease. With good management, the ten year survival may exceed 90%.