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Moderators of the relationship between implicit and explicit evaluation.

Brian A Nosek1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4400, USA. nosek@virginia.edu

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Implicit and explicit evaluations of social objects often conflict. This study identifies four key factors—self-presentation, evaluative strength, dimensionality, and distinctiveness—that explain when these automatic and controlled judgments align.

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Attitude Research

Background:

  • Automatic (implicit) and controlled (explicit) evaluation systems can yield divergent assessments of social objects.
  • Understanding the conditions under which these two evaluation modes correspond is crucial for attitude theory.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between implicit and explicit evaluations of social objects.
  • To identify moderators that influence the correspondence between automatic and controlled judgments.

Main Methods:

  • Measured implicit and explicit preferences for multiple object pairs in a large sample.
  • Employed multilevel modeling to analyze the relationship and its moderators.

Main Results:

  • A significant positive correlation (average r=.36) was found between implicit and explicit preferences across most object pairs.
  • The correspondence between implicit and explicit evaluations varied significantly across different objects.
  • Self-presentation, evaluative strength, dimensionality, and distinctiveness emerged as key moderators of this relationship.

Conclusions:

  • Implicit and explicit evaluative processes are related, but their correspondence is contingent on specific object characteristics and individual difference variables.
  • The identified moderators explain substantial variation in implicit-explicit attitude correspondence across individuals and content domains.
  • A comprehensive model integrating personal experience is proposed for understanding automatic and controlled evaluative processes.