Reduction in the ADP release from shear-stressed red blood cells by fish oil administration

¹Department of Pharmacy, University Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University.

|February 1, 1992

Abstract:

Fish oil concentrate (5.4 g/day) was administered to 8 young male volunteers and to 7 middle-aged male volunteers for 1 week. ADP released into the supernatant of red blood cell (RBC) suspension by a shear stress of 375/sec for 3 min was measured before and after fish oil administration. Before the administration the ADP release from shear-stressed RBCs in the middle-aged group was significantly higher than in the young group. After the administration the ADP release was reduced significantly in the young group (by 46%, p less than 0.001) and nonsignificantly in the middle-aged group (by 54%, p = 0.09). If the two groups were combined, the reduction was also significant (by 50%, p less than 0.005). This reduction was significantly correlated with the improvement of RBC filterability after fish oil administration (n = 13, r = 0.62, p less than 0.05). We suggest that the reduction of the ADP release from shear-stressed RBCs is one of the mechanisms of action of eicosapentaenoic acid against thrombotic disease.

Insights

Fish oil supplementation reduced adenosine diphosphate (ADP) release from shear-stressed red blood cells (RBCs), particularly in younger men. This finding suggests a mechanism for fish oil

Area of Science:

Cardiovascular Science
Hematology
Nutritional Science

Background:

Red blood cell (RBC) dysfunction and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) release are implicated in thrombotic diseases.
Aging may affect RBC response to shear stress.
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) from fish oil is known for its cardioprotective effects.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effect of fish oil concentrate on ADP release from shear-stressed RBCs in young and middle-aged men.
To determine if fish oil improves RBC function and reduces ADP release.
To explore the correlation between ADP release reduction and RBC filterability.

Main Methods:

Fish oil concentrate (5.4 g/day) was administered to young (n=8) and middle-aged (n=7) male volunteers for one week.
ADP release from RBC suspensions subjected to shear stress (375/sec for 3 min) was measured pre- and post-supplementation.
RBC filterability was assessed to evaluate changes in cell deformability.

Main Results:

Baseline ADP release was significantly higher in middle-aged men compared to young men.
Fish oil administration significantly reduced ADP release in young men (46% reduction, p < 0.001).
A trend towards reduced ADP release was observed in middle-aged men (54% reduction, p = 0.09), with a significant overall reduction when groups were combined (50%, p < 0.005).
The reduction in ADP release was significantly correlated with improved RBC filterability (r = 0.62, p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

Fish oil concentrate effectively reduces ADP release from shear-stressed RBCs, especially in younger individuals.
The observed reduction in ADP release may contribute to the anti-thrombotic effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA).
Improved RBC filterability is associated with reduced ADP release following fish oil supplementation.

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Reduction in the ADP release from shear-stressed red blood cells by fish oil administration

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