Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 14, 2026

Autoradiography as a Simple and Powerful Method for Visualization and Characterization of Pharmacological Targets
Published on: March 12, 2019
Use of GHB compounds among college students
Alvaro Camacho1, Scott C Matthews, Brian Murray
1Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0804, USA.
Abstract:
There are increasing reports about the misuse of gamma hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) related compounds. The objective of this article is to examine the use of GHB-containing dietary supplements among college students. An anonymous survey was completed at a university health clinic. The survey asked participants about their experience using GHB compounds and their knowledge about the legal status of GHB and its addictive potential. Two hundred fifteen students responded to the survey. Twenty-eight percent had used GHRE and 19% had used GHB. Growth Hormone Release Extract (GHRE) users reported consumption 2-3 times per month and GHB users reported 1-2 times per month. Males tended to use GHB for euphoria and energy, while females tended to use the compounds for weight loss. GHB was particularly popular among homosexual and bisexual responders. There was little knowledge of the addictive potential and illegal status of GHB and related compounds. GHB compounds are commonly used among college students. Given the different reasons for use according to gender and sexual orientation, prevention programs need to sculpt their message according to the target audience.
Related Concept Videos
Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Barbiturates
CNS Depressants: Barbiturates and Benzodiazepines
Acid Halides to Ketones: Gilman Reagent
As shown below, the mechanism proceeds in two steps. First, one of the alkyl groups of the reagent acts as a nucleophile and attacks the acyl carbon of the acid chloride to form a tetrahedral intermediate. This is followed by the reformation of the carbon–oxygen double...
Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Stimulants
Ganglionic stimulants activate NM nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia, falling into two categories: nicotine mimetics [e.g., lobeline, dimethylpiperazine, tetramethylammonium] and muscarinic receptor agonists [e.g., muscarine, methacholine]. The first category's action is rapid and blocked by nicotinic receptor antagonists, while the second category's action is delayed and blocked by atropine-like agents. Nicotine, an alkaloid, affects the heart rate by stimulating sympathetic or...
Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines work by enhancing the effects of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA. They bind to the GABAA receptor, increasing its affinity for GABA, which opens chloride...
Acid Halides to Alcohols: Grignard Reaction
Grignard reagents are a source of carbanions and function as nucleophiles. The mechanism begins with the nucleophilic attack by the carbanion at the carbonyl carbon of the acid halide to form a tetrahedral intermediate. Next, the carbonyl group is re-formed, and the halide ion departs,...

