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Related Experiment Videos

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Western Australia.

Lynne Dailey1, Geoffrey W Coombs, Frances G O'Brien

  • 1Curtin University of Technology, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia.

Emerging Infectious Diseases
|December 2, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Western Australia

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health Policy

Background:

  • Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) poses a significant threat as a cause of hospital-acquired infections.
  • An MRSA outbreak in Perth in 1982 prompted the implementation of a statewide screening and control policy in Western Australia (WA).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze MRSA reporting trends in WA from 1998 to 2002 and review the 20-year period from 1983 to 2002.
  • To assess the effectiveness of the statewide screening and control policy in managing MRSA.
  • To identify changes in MRSA resistance patterns and strain prevalence.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of statutory MRSA notifications from 1998 to 2002.
  • Review of MRSA data spanning 20 years (1983-2002).

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  • Examination of MRSA strain characteristics, including resistance patterns and community-association.

    • Main Results:

    • Community-associated Western Australia MRSA (WAMRSA) reporting rates increased from 1998 to 2002, potentially peaking in 2001.
    • Screening efforts successfully halted several MRSA outbreaks, though this led to an initial increase in reported cases.
    • Increased ciprofloxacin resistance was observed, linked to the prevalence of United Kingdom epidemic MRSA (EMRSA)-15 and -16 strains.
    • WA maintained a low incidence of multidrug-resistant MRSA due to screening and decolonization programs.
    • Non-multidrug-resistant, community-associated WAMRSA strains did not establish in WA hospitals.

    Conclusions:

    • The WA MRSA screening and control policy has been effective in maintaining a low incidence of multidrug-resistant MRSA and preventing the establishment of community-associated strains in hospitals.
    • While community-associated MRSA reporting has increased, the policy appears to have controlled outbreaks and limited the spread of more resistant strains.
    • Ongoing surveillance and control measures are crucial for managing MRSA in healthcare settings.