Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Overview of Systemic Veins

Overview of Systemic Veins

Systemic veins are crucial blood vessels that return deoxygenated blood from various body tissues back to the heart. There are three systemic veins that return deoxygenated blood to the heart, they are as follows.
The coronary sinus, the heart's principal vein, resides in the coronary sulcus on the heart's posterior aspect. This broad venous channel receives nearly all venous blood from the myocardium, the heart muscle. It is fed by three primary veins: the great cardiac vein, the middle...

Veins of Thorax

Veins of Thorax

The azygos system is a crucial part of the body's circulatory system and drains most of the thorax. It comprises the azygos, hemiazygos, and accessory hemiazygos veins.
The azygos vein, positioned just right of the midline and anterior to the vertebral column, begins at the junction of the right ascending lumbar and subcostal veins, terminating in the superior vena cava. This vein drains blood from the right side of the thoracic wall, thoracic viscera, and posterior abdominal wall.
The...

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management

Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol abuse, or...

Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key difference between Superficial Vein Thrombosis (SVT) and Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) lies in their location and severity.Clinical ManifestationsSVT typically presents with localized pain, tenderness, and redness along the course of a superficial vein, often accompanied by a palpable, cord-like structure under the skin. This condition is usually less dangerous than DVT but can be uncomfortable and may lead to complications such as cellulitis or, rarely, a clot extension into the deep...

Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care

Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care

Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...

Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Retrospective Analysis of Long-term Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Mammographic Breast Cancer Screening.

Mayo Clinic proceedings. Innovations, quality & outcomes·2025

Same author

Machine learning models predicting inpatient falls.

Scientific reports·2025

Same author

Comorbidity patterns and mortality in HFpEF: A retrospective longitudinal cohort study.

International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention·2025

Same author

Impact and efficacy of sound machine on sleep in hospitalized adults: A systematic review.

Sleep medicine: X·2025

Same author

Discharge timing and associations with outcomes following heart failure hospitalization.

The American journal of managed care·2025

Same author

Inpatient boarding in the emergency departments and clinical outcomes: A propensity-matched study.

The American journal of emergency medicine·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

The Supraclavicular Fossa Ultrasound View for Central Venous Catheter Placement and Catheter Change Over Guidewire

The Supraclavicular Fossa Ultrasound View for Central Venous Catheter Placement and Catheter Change Over Guidewire

Published on: December 23, 2014

Persistent left superior vena cava: case reports and clinical implications.

Heather L Ratliff, Mohammed Yousufuddin, Wesley R Lieving

International Journal of Cardiology

|December 2, 2005

Summary

Persistent left superior vena cava (LSVC), a common thoracic venous anomaly, was incidentally found in four patients during device implantation. This condition presents variations and may contribute to cardiac arrhythmias.

More Related Videos

Left Atrial Stenosis Induced Pulmonary Venous Arterialization and Group 2 Pulmonary Hypertension in Rat

Left Atrial Stenosis Induced Pulmonary Venous Arterialization and Group 2 Pulmonary Hypertension in Rat

Published on: November 18, 2018

Image Acquisition Method for the Sonographic Assessment of the Inferior Vena Cava

Image Acquisition Method for the Sonographic Assessment of the Inferior Vena Cava

Published on: January 13, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 28, 2026

The Supraclavicular Fossa Ultrasound View for Central Venous Catheter Placement and Catheter Change Over Guidewire

The Supraclavicular Fossa Ultrasound View for Central Venous Catheter Placement and Catheter Change Over Guidewire

Published on: December 23, 2014

Left Atrial Stenosis Induced Pulmonary Venous Arterialization and Group 2 Pulmonary Hypertension in Rat

Left Atrial Stenosis Induced Pulmonary Venous Arterialization and Group 2 Pulmonary Hypertension in Rat

Published on: November 18, 2018

Image Acquisition Method for the Sonographic Assessment of the Inferior Vena Cava

Image Acquisition Method for the Sonographic Assessment of the Inferior Vena Cava

Published on: January 13, 2023

Area of Science:

Cardiology
Thoracic Surgery
Medical Imaging

Background:

Persistent left superior vena cava (LSVC) is the most frequent congenital venous anomaly in the thorax.
It typically drains into the right atrium via the coronary sinus.
LSVC can exhibit variations, including communication with the right SVC, absence of the right SVC, or left atrial drainage causing shunting.

Observation:

Four cases of persistent LSVC were incidentally identified during device implantation procedures.
The anomaly was recognized during interventions requiring venous access.
Clinical presentations and diagnostic findings were noted in these cases.

Findings:

Persistent LSVC is associated with diverse congenital variations and potential cardiac anomalies.
Abnormal fetal dispersion of pacemaker and conduction tissues in LSVC may create an arrhythmogenic substrate.
The study discusses embryology, diagnosis, clinical features, and technical challenges related to persistent LSVC.

Implications:

Understanding LSVC variations is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.
Awareness of LSVC is important for interventional cardiologists and surgeons.
This anomaly may predispose individuals to cardiac arrhythmias, necessitating further investigation.