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Related Experiment Videos

GH-releasing peptides and bone.

D Cocchi1, G Maccarinelli, V Sibilia

  • 1Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Milano, Italy. cocchi@med.unibs.it

Journal of Endocrinological Investigation
|December 6, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Growth hormone secretagogues (GHS) and ghrelin stimulate bone cell growth and production. However, functional GHS receptors are primarily found in fetal bone cells, not adult ones.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Bone Biology
  • Cellular Metabolism

Background:

  • Growth hormone secretagogues (GHS) influence bone metabolism in humans and animals.
  • GHS effects on bone are not solely mediated by growth hormone (GH) release.
  • Ghrelin is the endogenous ligand for GHS receptors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of GHS and ghrelin on bone cells.
  • To identify the presence and functionality of GHS receptors in different osteoblast populations.

Main Methods:

  • Primary cultures of rat calvaria osteoblasts and adult rat tibia osteoblasts were used.
  • Human osteoblasts from surgical specimens were analyzed.
  • RT-PCR and Western blot were employed to detect GHS receptor mRNA and protein.

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  • Cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase, and osteocalcin production were measured.

    • Main Results:

    • Hexarelin and ghrelin stimulated proliferation and increased alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin production in rat calvaria osteoblasts.
    • GHS receptor (GHS-R) mRNA and protein were detected in rat calvaria osteoblasts.
    • Osteoblasts from adult rat tibia and most human osteoblasts expressed only the inactive GHS-R1b isoform, not the functional GHS-R1a.
    • Functional GHS receptors responsive to ghrelin and GHS were predominantly found in fetal bone osteoblasts.

    Conclusions:

    • Ghrelin and GHS directly impact bone cell activity, promoting proliferation and differentiation markers.
    • The expression of functional GHS receptors (GHS-R1a) is restricted, primarily to fetal osteoblasts.
    • Adult bone cells may lack the functional GHS receptor, suggesting developmental or tissue-specific regulation of ghrelin's skeletal effects.