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Electroluminescent lamp-based phase fluorometer and oxygen sensor.

K W Berndt1, J R Lakowicz

  • 1Department of Biological Chemistry, Center for Fluorescence Spectroscopy, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore 21201.

Analytical Biochemistry
|March 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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Violet-emitting solid-state electroluminescent lamps (ELLs) offer a cost-effective light source for oxygen sensors. These lamps provide high optical output and fast modulation, enabling sensitive detection with simpler photodetectors.

Area of Science:

  • Optoelectronics
  • Chemical Sensing
  • Solid-State Lighting

Background:

  • Traditional light sources for oxygen sensors often have limitations in optical output power and modulation capabilities.
  • Silicon carbide light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are commonly used but can be outperformed by alternative technologies in specific applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate 454-nm violet-emitting electroluminescent lamps (ELLs) as inexpensive, intensity-modulated excitation sources for phase fluorometric oxygen sensors.
  • To compare the performance of ELLs with existing blue-emitting LEDs for this application.

Main Methods:

  • Tested violet-emitting ELLs with planar surfaces, varying shapes and sizes, for oxygen sensing applications.
  • Arranged large-size ELLs with large-size fluorescent chemical sensors to maximize photon detection.

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  • Utilized square wave driving signals to achieve pulsed light output from ELLs, analyzing modulation frequencies and pulse widths.
  • Investigated the use of a pin photodiode as a detector instead of a photomultiplier tube.

    • Main Results:

    • ELLs exhibited significantly higher optical output power compared to blue LEDs.
    • The nonlinear modulation characteristic of ELLs allowed for pulsed light output with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) close to 1 microsecond.
    • Modulation frequencies up to approximately 1 MHz were achieved, suitable for fluorescent chemical sensors with decay times as short as 30 ns.
    • A decrease in optical output power (10-50%) was observed during the first 100 hours of operation, necessitating effective electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding due to high driving voltages.

    Conclusions:

    • Violet-emitting ELLs are a viable and cost-effective alternative excitation light source for phase fluorometric oxygen sensors.
    • The high optical output and fast modulation capabilities of ELLs enable sensitive oxygen detection using simpler photodetectors.
    • Further research is needed to address the long-term stability of ELLs and optimize EMI shielding for practical sensor systems.