Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 14, 2026
09:55
Three-Dimensional Imaging of Aortic Tissues in Atherosclerosis
Published on: October 25, 2024
Basic mechanisms in intracranial large-artery atherosclerosis: advances and challenges
Juan F Arenillas1, José Alvarez-Sabín
1Neurovascular Unit, Department of Neurology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain. juanfarenillas@terra.es
Cerebrovascular Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 6, 2005
Summary
Intracranial large-artery atherosclerosis increases stroke recurrence risk. Inflammation markers like C-reactive protein and elevated endostatin levels predict disease progression and recurrent ischemic events.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Immunology
Background:
- Intracranial large-artery atherosclerosis is a leading cause of ischemic stroke globally.
- Patients often experience recurrent ischemic events despite treatment, indicating unmet clinical needs.
- Disease progression and extent correlate with increased recurrence risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate predictors of progression and recurrence in intracranial large-artery atherosclerosis.
- To explore the roles of inflammation, angiogenesis, and specific biomarkers in the disease.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of clinical data from patients with symptomatic intracranial large-artery atherosclerosis.
- Correlation of C-reactive protein levels with disease progression and recurrence.
- Assessment of endostatin levels in relation to atherosclerosis severity and outcomes.
- Evaluation of lipoprotein(a) and diabetes mellitus as factors associated with stenosis burden.
Main Results:
- C-reactive protein levels were found to predict intracranial atherosclerosis progression and recurrent ischemic events.
- High levels of the anti-angiogenic factor endostatin were associated with progressive and recurrent disease.
- Elevated lipoprotein(a) concentration and diabetes mellitus were linked to a higher number of intracranial stenoses.
Conclusions:
- Inflammation, indicated by C-reactive protein, appears to play a detrimental role in intracranial atherosclerosis.
- Angiogenesis may have a beneficial role, as suggested by the association of anti-angiogenic endostatin with disease progression.
- Lipoprotein(a) and diabetes mellitus are key factors associated with the severity of intracranial atherosclerotic disease.
More Related Videos
09:11Performing Permanent Distal Middle Cerebral with Common Carotid Artery Occlusion in Aged Rats to Study Cortical Ischemia with Sustained Disability
Published on: February 23, 2016
09:09Single Nuclei Isolation from Coronary Endarterectomy Tissue of Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Patients
Published on: April 3, 2026
Related Concept Videos
01:30Atherosclerosis I: Introduction
Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
01:26Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
01:27Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests
Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder that leads to the thickening and narrowing of arterial walls due to plaque buildup. This condition can cause various symptoms depending on the arteries affected:Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This condition affects the coronary arteries and may lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), heart attacks, and other heart disease symptoms.Cerebrovascular Disease: This affects blood flow to the brain, causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)...
01:15Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction
Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
01:30Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
01:30Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...