[Early diagnosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)]

Early diagnosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) remains a challenge even to experienced rheumatologists. This is due to the diversity of presentation with single or multiple manifestations and the variable course. In contrast to the considerable progress in treatment modalities no reliable diagnostic marker has been developed in the last years. So the diagnosis is made largely on clinical grounds with great awareness of anamnestic features, thoroughly performed physical examination supported by laboratory and organspecific tests. The 1997 revised ACR classification criteria are of great value, though they do not satisfy in every single case. With respect to the potentially life or organ threatening course of SLE a good interdisciplinary cooperation of general practitioners and specialists with rheumatologists is of special importance.