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Vernal keratoconjunctivitis and intestinal parasitic infestations in black children

Ayotunde Ajaiyeoba1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. ayotundeajaiyeoba@yahoo.co.uk

Journal of the National Medical Association
|December 13, 2005
PubMed

Insights

Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) in Nigerian children showed a link to intestinal worm infections. While not an independent risk factor, deworming might benefit children with VKC, warranting further research.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a common allergic eye condition in children.
  • Intestinal parasitic infections are prevalent in many tropical and subtropical regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) and intestinal worm infestations in black children in Nigeria.
  • To determine if parasitic infections are a risk factor for VKC.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study was conducted with 117 VKC cases and 198 controls in Ibadan, Nigeria.
  • Participants were assessed for parasitic infestations, including roundworm, hookworm, and protozoa.
  • Statistical analysis, including odds ratios, was used to evaluate the association.

Main Results:

  • Children with VKC had a higher prevalence of parasitic infestations (50.5%) compared to controls (36.8%).
  • The odds ratio for VKC in children with worm infestations was 1.68.
  • Roundworm infestation was the most common type, but neither it nor older age were independent risk factors for VKC.

Conclusions:

  • A significant association exists between intestinal worm infestations and VKC in Nigerian children.
  • Deworming interventions may potentially benefit children suffering from VKC.
  • Further research with robust study designs is recommended to confirm these findings and guide treatment strategies.

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